Chemical Risk & Safety Phrases

Dalam bahasa Inggris dikenal dengan Risk & Safety Statement. Dalam bahasa Indonesia kurang lebih berarti pernyataan atau pemberitahuan tentang resiko dan keselamatan bahan kimia. Ini adalah sebuah sistem kode pada setiap jenis bahan kimia berbahaya yang ada di sekitar kita.

Misalnya, jenis bahan kimia hydrochloric acid memiliki jenis resiko R: 34-37 yang berarti mengandung resiko 'penyebab kebakaran (kulit)' dan 'iritasi sistem pernafasan'. Keterangan tentang resiko dan keselamatan ini HARUS dicantumkan di dalam MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) sebuah bahan kimia.

Ketika daftar resiko kimia tersebut dicantumkan di dalam MSDS, akan sangat bermanfaat bagi retailer atau pengguna yang lain untuk segera mengambil langkah pencegahan apabila terdapat bahan kimia atau substansi yang berbahaya.

Lalu apa saja daftar resiko dan keselamatan tersebut? Di bawah ini adalah daftar kode yand telah digunakan secara internasional dalam bahasa Inggris.

R1: Explosive when dry.
R2: Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other source of ignition.
R3: Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition.
R4: Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds.
R5: Heating may cause an explosion.
R6: Explosive with or without contact with air.
R7: May cause fire.
R8: Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
R9: Explosive when mixed with combustible material.
R10: Flammable.
R11: Highly flammable.
R12: Extremely flammable.
R13: Extremely flammable liquefied gas
R14: Reacts violently with water.
R15: Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.
R16: Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances.
R17: Spontaneously flammable in air.
R18: In use, may form inflammable/explosive vapour-air mixture.
R19: May form explosive peroxides.
R20: Harmful by inhalation.
R21: Harmful in contact with skin.
R22: Harmful if swallowed.
R23: Toxic by inhalation.
R24: Toxic in contact with skin.
R25: Toxic if swallowed.
R26: Very toxic by inhalation.
R27: Very toxic in contact with skin.
R28: Very toxic if swallowed.
R29: Contact with water liberates toxic gas.
R30: Can become highly flammable in use.
R31: Contact with acids liberates toxic gas.
R32: Contact with acid liberates very toxic gas.
R33: Danger of cumulative effects.
R34: Causes burns.
R35: Causes severe burns.
R36: Irritating to eyes.
R37: Irritating to respiratory system.
R38: Irritating to skin.
R39: Danger of very serious irreversible effects.
R40: Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
R41: Risk of serious damage to the eyes.
R42: May cause sensitization by inhalation.
R43: May cause sensitization by skin contact.
R44: Risk of explosion if heated under confinement.
R45: May cause cancer.
R46: May cause heritable genetic damage.
R47: May cause birth defects
R48: Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure.
R49: May cause cancer by inhalation.
R50: Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
R51: Toxic to aquatic organisms.
R52: Harmful to aquatic organisms.
R53: May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
R54: Toxic to flora.
R55: Toxic to fauna.
R56: Toxic to soil organisms.
R57: Toxic to bees.
R58: May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment.
R59: Dangerous to the ozone layer.
R60: May impair fertility.
R61: May cause harm to the unborn child.
R62: Risk of impaired fertility.
R63: Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
R64: May cause harm to breastfed babies.
R65: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.
R66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.
R67: Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
R68: Possible risk of irreversible effects.